Exposure/Environment Control

The final step in the initial critical assessment or the primary survey is to completely remove all of the patient's clothing (in the event that they are still on upon arrival) for a full physical assessment. A minimum of four people should be used to "log roll" the patient while maintaining C-spine precautions to provide for an assessment of the posterior chest, head and back. Many trauma patients have lost fluids which can cause a hypothermic state in the event that they are not properly warmed. Warm blankets, warm IV fluids and warming lights all help to reduce the risk of hypothermia (Cole, 2004).